Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the cells of the breast. It is a common disease in women, although it can also affect men. It is characterized by the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells in the breast tissue.

Causes

The exact causes of breast cancer are not fully understood, but there are risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing the disease. These risk factors include a family history of breast cancer, inherited genetic mutations, advanced age, prolonged exposure to estrogen, obesity, alcohol consumption, and lack of physical activity.

Symptoms

Symptoms of breast cancer can vary, but the most common ones include the presence of a lump or mass in the breast, changes in breast size or shape, redness or swelling of the skin, nipple discharge, changes in breast skin texture, and breast pain.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of breast cancer is typically made through a combination of methods, which may include mammograms, ultrasounds, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and biopsies. These tests allow for the detection of cancer cells in the breast and determine the stage and severity of the cancer.

Treatment

The treatment of breast cancer depends on the stage and individual characteristics of each patient. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapies. The goal of treatment is to remove or control the cancer and preserve the overall health of the patient.

To reduce the risk of developing breast cancer, it is recommended to maintain a healthy lifestyle that includes a balanced diet, regular physical activity, avoiding tobacco use, limiting alcohol consumption, and performing regular self-examinations of the breasts. It is also important to undergo screening examinations, such as mammograms, according to the guidelines established by healthcare professionals.

It is essential for women to be vigilant about changes in their breasts and consult a doctor if they notice any abnormalities. Early diagnosis and timely treatment increase the chances of a successful outcome in the fight against breast cancer.